What process involves adjusting space between specific pairs of characters?

The process of adjusting space between specific pairs of characters is known as kerning. Kerning focuses on the space between individual character pairs to ensure that the text appears visually balanced and readable. This adjustment is particularly important when certain letter combinations may appear too close together or too far apart, creating inconsistencies in the visual flow of the text. For example, the letters "A" and "V" might need less space between them than the letters "T" and "o," so kerning allows designers to fine-tune this spacing on a case-by-case basis.

Tracking, while related to spacing, refers to the overall spacing between all characters in a text block rather than focusing on particular pairs. Leading pertains to the vertical spacing between lines of text, ensuring that text lines are spaced appropriately for readability. Alignment deals with the positioning of text in relation to margins or other elements on a page, rather than adjusting the space between characters. Understanding these distinctions helps in identifying kerning as the specific process for adjusting the space between chosen character pairs.